Respondents were randomly selected at the village level. The results
showed that social solidarity during Ramadan was high (3.32) with values of the spirit of
togetherness (3.37), collective consciousness (3.32) and cooperation (3.28). In addition,
philanthropy was included in a high category (3.27) with different values of alms (3.49),
infaq (3.23) and waqf (3.10). Therefore, it can be concluded that Ramadan contributes
positively to the social solidarity of Muslim communities in Indonesia. The result can be
used to develop a model of social solidarity in overcoming the problem of disintegration.
Furthermore, it improves Muslim philanthropy for social welfare and to overcome the
problem of poverty.
Contribution: This article contributes to the sustainable development goal of poverty
alleviation. It focuses on a multidisplinary religious perspective from textual and hermeneutical
studies within the paradigm of Qur’an studies.
Keywords: Ramadan; Indonesian Muslim; philanthropy; social capital; social solidarity.