This study aimed to determine the relationship between the fiqh understanding
and women’s religious role in the tradition of female priests and preachers (imamkhatib)
in Balingka, West Sumatra, Indonesia. A qualitative approach was used
with data obtained through interviews with informants, including female priests
(imam), religious scholars, village guardians, community leaders, and women
figures in Balingka. Furthermore, documentation and observation were also
used to collect data. The results showed a relationship between the dynamics of
fiqh understanding and women’s religious role. A moderate fiqh understanding
makes the practice of female imam-khatib persist, supporting its recognition,
and acceptance. Conversely, radical fiqh thoughts make the tradition of female
imam-khatib criticized and challenged. The shift in fiqh understanding brings this
tradition to an end after lasting for almost a century in Balingka. The study of
Islam socialized by the Salafis through television and internet media shifted the
understanding of fiqh from a moderate to a radical style, bringing this tradition
to an end. Consequently, women are marginalized from their religious roles and
are subordinate to men’s roles.